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Engagement
The interdisciplinary nature of science and heritage research recognises that ‘benefits’ might be a more appropriate term than ‘impact’. What follows are illustrative examples of the kinds of engagement with impact that might result from different types of science and heritage research:
- Practice-led research: tangible outcomes such as improvements in conservation practice; economic benefits; preferred applications; innovative science; novel discovery; unique interactions; positive or negative test outcomes;
- Science-biased research: demonstrable outcomes such as development of products and services; sustained and strategic public engagement including evidence of benefits to participants; impact on policy development in the science and heritage areas; instruments of scientific research (where a commercial company was involved);
- Technology-biased research: substantial outcomes such as technologies in conservation and environmental management; identification of risks; impact on policy development in the material and sensing areas;
- Arts and Humanities-biased research: significant outcomes such as enhancement of the policy process; influencing the policy debate; public benefit; publishing as a powerful commercial impact; contributions to the national and global knowledge base.

Recording and sub-sampling a sediment core taken
at the Sweet Track site. (Photograph by Martin Bell, University of Reading, 2009)
